REVISÃO E ATUALIZAÇÃO DOS BIOMARCADORES NO LÍQUOR PARA DOENÇA DE ALZHEIMER

Abstract

Aging-related diseases are increasing significantly and are a concern in public and individual health. Dementias are part of this group and Alzheimer's Disease (AD), first described by Alois Alzheimer in 1906, accounts for over 60% of clinical diagnoses of dementia worldwide. The characterization of dementia underwent changes during the evolution of medicine and is currently described as progressive impairment of intellectual faculties that interfere in the routine. It is believed that AD has a prodrome called mild cognitive impairment (MCI), which would be an important target for early diagnosis, improving management, quality of life and prognosis. Because large impact of AD in individual life, family and high costs for public health, researchers discuss the use of biomarkers to optimize the diagnosis of this disease. Trials with specificity between 80-95% indicate promising results of biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tau total and phosphorylated and peptide Aβ42 for diagnosis of AD and possible evolution of CCL to severe AD, especially when this biomarkers are dosed in combination. However, the use of this diagnostic approach is not yet a reality in clinical practice.